Overview
Typically caused by long term steroid use (oral or injectable) or increased cortisol levels (Cushing’s disease) in which calcium deposits form in the dermis of the skin. Less commonly can be due to atypical systemic infection, or exposure to environmental calcium.
Signs & Symptoms
Development of calcium deposits that form in the dermis of the skin. Lesions can be found on anywhere on the body including the head, ears, dorsal midline, neck, ventral abdomen, inguinal area and paw pads. These calcifications range in color from red to white and typically lead to irregularities in the skin texture or appearance. Large deposits will gradually push out through the skin resulting in wounds that may be prone to secondary bacterial infections.
Causes & Transmission
Typically caused by long term steroid use (oral or injectable) or increased cortisol levels (Cushing’s disease) in which calcium deposits form in the dermis of the skin. Less commonly can be due to atypical systemic infection, or exposure to environmental calcium.
Complications & Prognosis
The prognosis of calcinosis cutis is generally good and calcium deposits typically improve gradually over time depending on correction of the underlying cause of disease.
Treatment
Treatment is aimed at limiting the use of oral or injectable steroids, or control of primary Cushing’s disease. If the cause is due to overuse of systemic steroids the first step would be to reduce or omit steroid usage and a discussion of steroid alternatives to control the disease. Keep ulcerated areas clean and prevent pet from rubbing, scratching, licking or biting the irritated area.
There is no specific treatment for calcinosis cutis, however, the underlying disease process must be addressed to help resolve this condition. Topical therapy including DMSO and bathing therapy may be discussed depending on the individual case and severity.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on physical exam, clinical signs, supporting history or skin biopsy. Bloodwork including urinalysis may be recommended to evaluate for Cushing’s disease.